Maduro’s Capture Was Not a Legal “Law Enforcement Operation”
The international legal implications regarding the U.S. capture of Venezuelan president Nicolás Maduro are profound. I want to clarify just one misconception that appears to be growing in importance. The Trump Administration has downplayed the military aspects of the operation by asserting that the U.S. military was simply aiding a law enforcement effort to serve…
Continue ReadingAALS Conflicts Section Panel: Extraterritoriality in Flux
Those readers attending the AALS Annual Meeting in New Orleans might be interested in attending the panel sponsored by the Conflicts Section on January 9 at 8:00-9:15. The topic is “Extraterritoriality in Flux” and here is the description: In determining the law applicable in a particular case, a critical step is often to determine the…
Continue ReadingToshiba ADR Investors in a Catch-22
A recurring challenge in defining the geographic scope of U.S. securities law is how to characterize non-exchange-based transactions in American Depositary Receipts (ADRs). Under the Supreme Court’s Morrison test, such transactions have to qualify as “domestic” to trigger the application of U.S. law. If they don’t, the assumption is that investors would have to litigate…
Continue ReadingExtraterritorial Application of State RICO Statutes
Over the past decade, the U.S. Supreme Court has twice addressed the extraterritorial application of the federal RICO statute. In RJR Nabisco, Inc. v. European Community (2016), the Court held that RICO’s criminal provisions apply extraterritorially to the same extent as the predicate acts on which RICO charges are based, whereas RICO’s civil cause of…
Continue ReadingNew Paper on Extraterritorial Application of the Wire Fraud Statute
I have written before about a circuit split over when the federal wire fraud statute applies extraterritorially. The lower federal courts disagree about how much use of U.S. wires is required to make an application of the statute “domestic.” The Second Circuit has held that use of U.S. wires must be a “core component” of…
Continue ReadingTrademark Infringement and Exports after Abitron
Two years ago, in Abitron Austria GmbH v. Hetronic International, Inc. (2023), the Supreme Court applied the presumption against extraterritoriality to the federal trademark statute (the Lanham Act), holding that the Act applies only to domestic conduct. Abitron involved imports. Products bearing an infringing trademark were made abroad, some of which were sold, directly or…
Continue ReadingA Win for Helms-Burton Plaintiffs, But Potential Loss for US Companies
On July 30, 2025, the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Eleventh Circuit vacated a district court’s decision dismissing José Ramón López Regueiro’s case against American Airlines and LATAM Airlines under Title III of the Helms-Burton Act. The court of appeals remanded, holding that the district court’s interpretation of the citizenship prerequisites in Helm-Burton conflicted…
Continue ReadingFirst Circuit Remands Constitutionality of the TVPA to District Court
In Boniface v. Viliena, a Massachusetts jury found a former Haitian mayor liable under the Torture Victim Protection Act (TVPA) for extrajudicial killing, attempted extrajudicial killing, and torture, awarding the three plaintiffs $15.5 million in compensatory and punitive damages. On appeal to the First Circuit, the defendant’s principal arguments were (1) that the TVPA does…
Continue ReadingRecent Developments in Helms-Burton Litigation
It is a busy time in the Helms-Burton world. With a $29.8 million jury award in Florida, major developments in the law of personal jurisdiction, several notable court of appeals decisions, and two recent CVSGs, there is a lot going on. That stands to reason. It was 2019 when the first Trump administration lifted the…
Continue ReadingCourt Allows Claims of Forced Labor to Build World Cup Stadiums
On June 26, 2025, in F.C. v. Jacobs Solutions Inc., Magistrate Judge Cyrus Y. Chung (District of Colorado) partly granted and partly denied a motion to dismiss claims against U.S. companies under the Trafficking Victims Protection Reauthorization Act (TVPRA) alleging their participation in a venture that used forced labor to build stadiums in Qatar for…
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