Customary international law provides immunity to states from the jurisdiction of foreign national courts. The immunity extends to state agencies and to state-owned property, protecting them from adjudicatory jurisdiction and from enforcement measures. Foreign sovereign immunity has important exceptions, including for waiver, for some conduct or property related to commercial activity, and for some torts committed on the territory of the forum state. In the United States, all aspects of foreign sovereign immunity for cases in state or federal court are governed by a federal statute, the Foreign Sovereign Immunities Act.
A Primer on Foreign Sovereign Immunity
The immunity of states from the jurisdiction of foreign domestic courts is a long-standing and mostly uncontroversial principle of customary international law. The International Court of Justice has described foreign sovereign immunity as a procedural doctrine of international law, one that “derives from the principle of sovereign equality of the States.” As a practical matter,…
Continue ReadingSupreme Court Remands CC/Devas v. Antrix
To the surprise of no one, today the Supreme Court reversed and remanded CC/Devas v. Antrix. The Ninth Circuit had held that the Foreign Sovereign Immunities Act (FSIA) always requires minimum contacts between the defendant and the United States, an argument so weak that the respondents did not defend it before the Court. The Court…
Continue ReadingWho Has the Authority to Waive Sovereign Immunity Via Contract?
In a prior post, Ingrid Brunk and I wrote about the ways that foreign nations can waive their sovereign immunity via various types of contractual provisions. There are, however, additional requirements that must be satisfied for a contractual waiver of sovereign immunity to be valid. Among other things, a party seeking to enforce such a…
Continue ReadingRecent Scholarship on Sovereign Immunity from Executive Measures
Immunity protects the assets of foreign sovereigns from the jurisdiction of domestic courts. Customary international law requires such immunity, which is also conferred in the United States by the Foreign Sovereign Immunities Act (FSIA). An important question about sovereign immunity is whether it also protects the assets of foreign sovereigns from executive branch or administrative…
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