D.C. Circuit Holds that District Court Must Decide Jurisdictional Facts under FSIA for Itself
In a recent decision, Hulley Enterprises Ltd. v. Russian Federation, the D.C. Circuit held that a district court must decide for itself any “jurisdictional facts” necessary to establish subject matter jurisdiction in suits against foreign states under the Foreign Sovereign Immunities Act (FSIA). The plaintiffs sought to enforce an arbitral award against Russia. The FSIA’s…
Continue ReadingFirst Circuit Remands Constitutionality of the TVPA to District Court
In Boniface v. Viliena, a Massachusetts jury found a former Haitian mayor liable under the Torture Victim Protection Act (TVPA) for extrajudicial killing, attempted extrajudicial killing, and torture, awarding the three plaintiffs $15.5 million in compensatory and punitive damages. On appeal to the First Circuit, the defendant’s principal arguments were (1) that the TVPA does…
Continue ReadingFifth Circuit Holds that TPVA Does Not Abrogate Foreign Official Immunity
The Torture Victim Protection Act (TVPA) creates a civil cause of action for torture and extrajudicial killing done under color of foreign law. In Does 1-5 v. Obiano, the widows of five men killed by the Nigerian military during peaceful rallies for Biafran independence sued Willie Obiano, the former governor of the state where the…
Continue ReadingCourt Allows Claims of Forced Labor to Build World Cup Stadiums
On June 26, 2025, in F.C. v. Jacobs Solutions Inc., Magistrate Judge Cyrus Y. Chung (District of Colorado) partly granted and partly denied a motion to dismiss claims against U.S. companies under the Trafficking Victims Protection Reauthorization Act (TVPRA) alleging their participation in a venture that used forced labor to build stadiums in Qatar for…
Continue ReadingEnforcement Deadlines for Foreign Arbitral Awards and Judgments
In a recent decision, Amaplat Mauritius Ltd. v. Zimbabwe Mining Development Corp. (2025), the D.C. Circuit held that the Foreign Sovereign Immunities Act’s exceptions for implied waivers and arbitral award enforcement do not apply to proceedings to enforce foreign judgments, even when the judgment is based on an underlying arbitral award. The decision creates a…
Continue ReadingNigerian Judgment Satisfies Arizona’s Reciprocity Requirement
On July 10, 2025, in Ejeh v. Ali, the Arizona Court of Appeals recognized a Nigerian judgment, finding that Nigeria’s foreign judgments law satisfied Arizona’s reciprocity requirement. Reciprocity requirements are rare in state laws governing foreign judgments—Arizona is one of just five states to have such a requirement. The decision thus affords an opportunity to…
Continue ReadingDistrict Court Orders Argentina to Transfer Shares to Satisfy Judgments
On June 30, 2025, Judge Loretta A. Preska (Southern District of New York) issued orders in two cases, directing Argentina to transfer shares in YPF S.A., a state-owned energy company, to a New York bank to satisfy two judgments. Bainbridge Fund Ltd. v. Republic of Argentina arose from Argentina’s default on certain bonds in 2001,…
Continue ReadingState Presumptions Against Extraterritoriality Apply to State Statutes
At TLB, we write a lot about extraterritoriality in general and about the federal presumption against extraterritoriality in particular. For the last three decades, the federal presumption has been the principal tool that courts have used to determine the geographic scope of federal statutes. But what if the statute in question is a state statute?…
Continue ReadingCVSG in Chabad v. Russian Federation: Another Question of Foreign State Immunity
On June 2, 2025, the Supreme Court called for the views of the Solicitor General (“CVSG”) in Chabad v. Russian Federation. In Chabad’s petition for certiorari, the question presented is whether the Foreign Sovereign Immunities Act (FSIA)’s expropriation exception applies to a foreign state if the expropriated property—or property exchanged for it— is located outside…
Continue ReadingSCOTUS Rules for Gun Manufacturers in Mexico Suit but Denies Blanket Immunity
This article was first published on Just Security. Prior TLB coverage of the case can be found here. On June 5, in Smith & Wesson Brands Inc., et al. v. Estados Unidos Mexicanos, the U.S. Supreme Court unanimously ruled that Mexico’s lawsuit against seven U.S. gun manufacturers and one distributor is barred by the immunity…
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