Statutes Directing Courts to Ignore Choice-of-Law Clauses
Alabama
Consumer Lease – Ala. Code § 7-2A-106(1)
Foreign Law – Alabama Const. Art. I, Sec. 13.50(d)
Alaska
Consumer Lease – Alaska Stat. Ann. § 45.12.106(a)
Student Loan – Alaska Stat. Ann. § 14.48.160(a)(1)
Arizona
Construction Contract – Ariz. Rev. Stat. § 32-1186(A)(1)
Consumer Lease – Ariz. Rev. Stat. Ann. § 47-2A106(A)
Equipment Dealer Agreements – Ariz. Rev. Stat § 44-6709(B)
Insurance – Ariz. Rev. Stat. § 20-1115(1)
Arkansas
Construction Contract – Ark. Code Ann. § 4-56-104(c) & Ark. Code Ann. § 22-9-214(c)
Consumer Lease – Ark. Code Ann. § 4-2A-106(1)
Foreign Law – Ark. Code Ann. §1-1-103(c)-(d)(1)
Restaurant Franchise Agreements – Ark. Code Ann. § 4-72-603(c)
California
Child Support Agreement – Cal. Fam. Code § 5614(b)(7)
Consumer Lease – Cal. Com. Code § 10106(a)
Employment Contract – Cal. Lab. Code § 925(a)(2)
Dealer Agreements – Cal. Bus. & Prof. Code § 22927
Colorado
Consumer Credit – Colo. Rev. Stat. Ann. § 5-1-201(8)(a)
Consumer Lease – Colo. Rev. Stat. Ann. § 4-2.5-106(1)
Covenant Not to Compete – Colo. Rev. Stat. Ann. § 8-2-113(6)
Foreclosure Consulting Contract – Colo. Rev. Stat. Ann. 6-1-1106(1)(b)
Motor Vehicle Dealer Agreement – Colo. Rev. Stat. § 44-20-132(1)(b)
Connecticut
Consumer Lease – Conn. Gen. Stat. Ann. § 42a-2A-106(a)
Construction Contract – Conn. Gen. Stat. Ann. § 42-158m
Delaware
Consumer Lease – Del. Code Ann. tit. 6, § 2A-106(1)
Foreclosure Agreement – Del. Code Ann. tit. 6, § 2424B
Florida
Consumer Lease – Fla. Stat. Ann. § 680.1061(2)
Motor Vehicle Franchise Agreement – Fla. Stat. Ann. § 320.64(31)(c)
Georgia
Consumer Lease – Ga. Code Ann. § 11-2A-106(2)
Payday Loan Agreement – Ga. Code Ann. 16-17-2(c)(1)
Hawaii
Consumer Credit – Haw. Rev. Stat. Ann. § 476-30(f)(1)
Consumer Lease – Haw. Rev. Stat. Ann. § 490:2A-106(a)
Insurance Contract – Haw. Rev. Stat. Ann. § 431:10-221(a)(2)
Motor Vehicle Distribution Agreement – Haw. Rev. Stat. Ann. § 437-52(a)(1)
Idaho
Consumer Credit – Idaho Code § 28-41-201(8)(a)
Consumer Lease – Idaho Code Ann. § 28-12-106(1)
Franchise Agreement – Idaho Code Ann. § 29-110
Illinois
Construction Contract – 815 Ill. Comp. Stat. Ann. 665/10
Consumer Lease – 810 Ill. Comp. Stat. Ann. 5/2A-106(1)
Indiana
Construction Contract – Ind. Code Ann. § 32-28-3-17(2)
Consumer Credit – Ind. Code Ann. § 24-4.5-1-201(6)(a)
Consumer Lease – Ind. Code Ann. § 26-1-2.1-106(1)
Iowa
Construction Contract – Iowa Code § 537A.6 (2)(a)
Consumer Credit – Iowa Code Ann. § 537.1201(6)(a)(1)
Consumer Lease – Iowa Code Ann. § 554.13106(1)
Franchise Agreement – Iowa Code Ann. § 523H.14
Motor Vehicle Franchise Agreement – Iowa Code Ann. § 322A.20
Kansas
Construction Contract – Kan. Stat. Ann. § 16-121(e)
Consumer Credit – Kan. Stat. Ann. § 16a-1-201(8)(a)
Consumer Lease – Kan. Stat. Ann. § 84-2a-106(1)
Equipment Dealer Agreement – Kan. Stat. Ann. § 16-121(e)
Franchise Agreement – Kan. Stat. Ann. § 16-121(e)
Foreign Law – Kan. Stat. Ann. § 60-5105(a)
Motor Carrier Transportation Contract – Kan. Stat. Ann. § 16-121(e)
Kentucky
Consumer Lease – Ky. Rev. Stat. Ann. § 355.2A-106(1)
Louisiana
Child Support Agreement – La. Stat. Ann. §51:1444(B)(1)
Construction Contract – La. Stat. Ann. § 9:2779(B)(2); & La. Stat. Ann. § 38:2196(B)(2) (public contracts) & La. Stat. Ann. § 48:251.8(2) (public highway contracts)
Consumer Transactions – La. Stat. Ann. § 51:1418(C)(1)
Employment Contract – La. Stat. Ann. § 23:921(A)(2)
Foreign Law – La. Stat. Ann. § 9:6001(D)
Insurance Contract – La. Stat. Ann. § 22:868(A)(1)
Lease of Movable Property – La. Stat. Ann. § 9:3303(D)
Franchise Agreement – La. Stat. Ann. § 32:1261(A)(1)(a)(v)
Maine
Consumer Credit – Me. Rev. Stat. tit. 9-A, § 1-201(8)(A)
Consumer Lease – Me. Rev. Stat. tit. 11, § 2-1106(1)
Maryland
Consumer Lease – Md. Code Ann., Com. Law § 2A-106(2)
Foreclosure Agreement — Md. Code Ann., Real Prop. § 7-310(b)
Insurance Contract – Md. Code Ann., Ins. § 12-209(1)
Massachusetts
Consumer Lease – Mass. Gen. Laws Ann. ch. 106, § 2A-106(1)
Covenant Not to Compete - Mass. Gen. Laws Ann. ch. 149, § 24L
Insurance – Mass. Ann. Laws ch. 175, § 22
Michigan
Consumer Lease – Mich. Comp. Laws Ann. § 440.2806(1)
Minnesota
Construction Contract – Minn. Stat. Ann. § 337.10(1)
Consumer Lease – Minn. Stat. Ann. § 336.2A-106(2)
Consumer Loan – Minn. Stat. Ann. § 47.601(2)(a)(1)
Covenant Not to Compete – Minn. Stat. § 181.988(3)(a)(2)
Franchise Agreement – Minn. Stat. § 2860.4400(J)
Sales Representative – Minn. Stat. § 325E.37(7)(1)
Mississippi
Construction Contract – Miss. Code. Ann. § 87-7-9(1)
Consumer Lease – Miss. Code. Ann. § 75-2A-106(1)
Retail Agreements – Miss. Code. Ann. § 75-77-17
Missouri
Consumer Lease – Mo. Ann. Stat. § 400.2A-106(1)
Montana
Consumer Lease – Mont. Code Ann. § 30-2A-106(1)
Construction Contract – Mont. Code Ann. § 28-2-2116(1)
Nebraska
Construction Contract – Neb. Rev. Stat. § 45-1209(2)
Foreclosure Consulting Contract – Neb. Rev. Stat. Ann. § 76-2715(2)
Insurance Contract – Neb. Rev. Stat. Ann § 44-357
Student Loan Agreement – Neb. Rev. Stat. Ann. § 85-1645(1)
Nevada
Construction Contract – Nev. Rev. Stat. Ann. § 108.2453(2)(d)
Consumer Form Contract – Nev. Rev. Stat. § 97B.100(2)
Consumer Lease – Nev. Rev. Stat. Ann. § 104A.2106(1)
Student Loan Agreement – Nev. Rev. Stat. Ann. § 394.590(1)(a)
New Hampshire
Consumer Lease – N.H. Rev. Stat. Ann. § 382-A:2A-106(1)
Motor Vehicle Dealer Agreement – N.H. Rev. Stat. Ann. § 357-C:6(I)
New Jersey
Consumer Lease – N.J. Stat. Ann. § 12A:2A-106(1)
New Mexico
Construction Contract – N.M. Stat. Ann. § 57-28A-1(A)(1)
Consumer Lease – N.M. Stat. Ann. § 55-2A-106(2)-(3)
Foreclosure Consulting Contract – N.M. Stat. Ann. § 47-15-5(G)(1)
Clinical Health Care Services Agreement – N.M. Stat. Ann. § 24-1I-2(B)(1)
New York
Construction Contract – N.Y. Gen. Bus. Law § 757(1)
Consumer Lease – N.Y. U.C.C. Law § 2-A-106(1)
Consumer Loan – N.Y. Gen. Oblig. Law § 5-521 (as interpreted in United States v. Moseley, 980 F.3d 9, 22 (2d Cir. 2020))
North Carolina
Construction Contract – N.C. Gen. Stat. § 22B-2
Consumer Lease – N.C. Gen. Stat. § 25-2A-106(1)
Consumer Loan - N.C. Gen. Stat. § 53-190 (as interpreted in Smith v. Automoney, Inc., 874 S.E.2d 680 (N.C. App. 2022))
North Dakota
Consumer Lease— N.D. Cent. Code § 41-02.1-06(1)
Ohio
Construction Contract – Ohio Rev. Code Ann. § 4113.62(D)(1)
Consumer Lease – Ohio Rev. Code Ann. § 1310.04(a)
General Franchise – Ohio Rev. Code Ann. § 1334.06(E)
Oklahoma
Construction Contract – Okla. Stat. tit. 15, § 821(B)(1); Okla. Stat. tit. 15, § 221(E); Okla. Stat. tit. 61, § 227(B)(1)
Consumer Credit – Okla. Stat. tit. 14A, § 1-201(9)(a)
Consumer Lease – Okla. Stat. tit. 12A, § 2A-106(1)
Consumer Loan – Okla. Stat. tit. 59, § 3150.12(E)(1)(a)
Dealer Agreement – Okla. Stat. tit. 15 § 249
Foreign Law – Okla. Stat. tit. 12 § 20(C)
Insurance Contract – Okla. Stat. tit. 36, § 3617(1)
Oregon
Construction Contract – Or. Rev. Stat. § 701.640(1)(a)
Consumer Lease – Or. Rev. Stat. § 72A.1060(1)
Foreclosure Consulting Contract – Or. Rev. Stat. § 646A.710(2)(c)
Franchise Agreement – Or. Rev. Stat.§ 650.165(4)
Pennsylvania
Consumer Lease – 13 Pa. Stat. and Cons. Stat. § 2A106(a)
Rhode Island
Construction Contract – 6 R.I. Gen. Laws. Ann. § 6-34.1-1(a)
Consumer Lease – 6A R.I. Gen. Laws. Ann. § 6A-2.1-106(1)
Franchise Agreement – 19 R.I. Gen. Laws Ann. § 19-28.1-14
South Carolina
Consumer Credit – S.C. Code Ann. § 37-1-201(10)(a)
Consumer Lease – S.C. Code Ann. § 36-2A-106(1)
South Dakota
Consumer Lease— S.D. Codified Laws § 57A-2A-106(1)
Franchise Agreement – S.D. Codified Laws § 37-5-11
Insurance Contract – S.D. Codified Laws § 58-15-48
Tennessee
Construction Contract – Tenn. Code Ann. § 66-11-208(a)
Consumer Contract – Tenn. Code Ann. § 47-18-113(b)
Consumer Lease – Tenn. Code Ann. § 47-2A-106(2)
Deferred Presentment Services Agreement – Tenn. Code Ann. § 45-17-112(s)(1)(A)
Franchise Agreement – Tenn. Code Ann. § 47-25-1312
Motor Vehicle Dealer Agreement – Tenn. Code Ann. § 47-25-1913(b)
Student Loan Agreement – Tenn. Code Ann. § 49-7-2015(a)(2)(A)
Texas
Censorship by Social Media Platforms – Tex. Civ. Prac & Rem. Code § 143A.0035
Construction Contract – Tex. Bus. & Com. Code Ann. § 272.001(b)
Consumer Lease – Tex. Bus. & Com. Code Ann. § 2A.106(a)
Dealer Agreement – Tex. Bus. & Com. Code § 57.051(1)
Insurance Contract – Tex. Ins. Code § 21.42
Utah
Consumer Lease – Utah Code Ann. § 70A-2a-106(1)
Insurance – Utah Code Ann. § 31A-21-314(2)(a)
Vermont
Agricultural Finance Lease – Vt. Stat. Ann. tit. 9, § 2389(a)
Consumer Lease – Vt. Stat. Ann. tit. 9A, § 2A-106(1)
Virginia
Consumer Lease – Va. Code Ann. § 8.2A-106(1)
Insurance – Va. Code Ann. § 38.2-312
Washington
Consumer Lease – Wash. Rev. Code § 62A.2A-106(1)
Covenant Not to Compete – Wash. Rev. Code § 49.62.050(2)
Insurance – Wash. Rev. Code Ann. § 48.18.200(1)(b)
Student Loan Agreement – Wash. Rev. Code Ann. § 28B.85.140(1); Wash. Rev. Code Ann. § 28C.10.170(1)
West Virginia
Consumer Lease – W. Va. Code § 46-2A-106(1)
Insurance Contract – W. Va. Code § 33-6-14
Wisconsin
Construction Contract – Wis. Stat. Ann. § 779.135(2)
Consumer Contract – Wis. Stat. Ann. § 421.201(10)(c)
Consumer Lease – Wis. Stat. § 411.106(1)
Wyoming
Consumer Lease – Wyo. Stat. Ann. § 34.1-2.A-106(a)
Consumer Credit – Wyo. Stat. Ann. § 40-14-120(j)(i)